BIOGRAPHICAL METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH IN THE HISTORY OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL DOCTRINES: THE CONCEPT AND COGNITIVE CAPABILITIES

This article explores a biographical methodological approach, the application of which makes it possible to understand the meaning of the teaching without detaching from the personality of its author, so that the content of the teaching can be comprehended from a new perspective, which will allow in general to conduct research on the history of the development of political and legal thought. The knowledge of biographies of scientists helps to trace the evolution of scientific views on the state, law and politics, contributes to understanding the progress of teachings, showing how the ideas of thinkers of the past influence modern achievements in the field of theory of state and law, how legal traditions and legal schools arose. This article defines the concept of a biographical methodological approach, which is a cognitive orientation that allows to study the history of the teachings of the state and law as an integral part of the sociocultural environment of society, used to explain the role and significance of the subjective personal factor of a scientist in these processes. The article also defines the cognitive possibilities of this approach for the science of the history of legal and political doctrines. The relevance of this study is determined by the fact that interdisciplinary and theoretical and methodological research is in demand in legal science. The novelty of the study of the biographical methodological approach in the science of the history of legal and political doctrines is determined by the fact that previously the issues of methods of researching the biography of the author of the doctrine were not considered and require deeper study. Such studies can be a valuable contribution to the science of the history of legal and political doctrines.